The Niro Spray Drying Absorption, SDA, process has been
installed at more than 100 locations, primarily at coal-fired power generating
stations and at waste incinerators.
THE SDA HISTORY
More than 25 years ago Niro developed spray
drying for the absorption of acid gases present in combustion gases for better
air pollution control. The technology has, since the early 1980s, found
widespread application in North America and Europe; the process found a strong
foothold in the Far East during the 1990s.
The SDA process has developed
into a mature and highly versatile technology, which is applied at combustion
plants ranging from small household waste incinerators to large coal-fired
boilers. The process has also been applied to flue gas cleaning at industrial
plants. This cleaning is often combined with treatment of effluent or other
waste streams.
FLUE GAS DESULPHURISATION
Flue Gas
Desulphurisation, FGD, uses our SDA process. Flue Gas Desulphurisation
is applied to more than 50 coal and oil-fired boilers and power generating
stations worldwide. These FGD plants are built in cooperation with
international or local companies. We also work in joint ventures, as a
sub-supplier, or via licensing of the Niro SDA technology to our business
partners. We supply technical support and essential components to our business
partners and licensees.
FGD plants at coal-fired power generating stations using our SDA technology
may be installed directly following the air pre-heater, which allows the
SDA system, consisting of one or more spray dryer absorber modules and
downstream particulate collectors, to remove flue gas, fly ash and sulphur
dioxide. A fly ash pre-collector can be installed in places where it is
desired to separate the fly ash and the scrubber end-product into separate end
uses.
The SDA process uses less water than some other FGD processes, and
the process is flexible enough to be applied to many types of wastewater. Treated sewage water, cooling
tower blow-down or other wastewaters can be used in the SDA plants. Even
seawater may be used as process water.
FLUE GAS CLEANING
Flue
Gas Cleaning, FGC, at Waste Incineration Plants using our SDA process is
installed at more than 100 waste incineration lines worldwide. The majority of
these incinerators are used for Municipal Solids Waste - MSW, but the
technology has also been successfully applied to many incinerators for
hazardous chemical waste and several other industrial applications. For Flue
Gas Cleaning waste incineration plants, we provide technology directly to the
end user, although many plants are commissioned with ourselves as a supplier of
know-how with key components delivered by an international or local
supplier.
Flue Gas Cleaning plants at waste incinerators which apply the
SDA process, are most often designed to control the stack emissions of a
multitude of harmful components, such as:
- hydrogen chloride
- sulfur dioxide
- hydrogen fluoride
- fly ash
- dioxins
- mercury
- other heavy metals